Winefield & Associates, Inc. and Fulcrum Resources Environmental have answered the question: “How much will the CalEPA Draft Vapor Intrusion Guideline (DVIG) increase dry cleaner remediation costs?” The answer is $1 million dollars per site. Assuming CalEPA retains the 0.03 attenuation factor screening value, sites will require additional remediation, vapor barriers, and extensive monitoring. An incremental cost of $1 million per site will thwart many redevelopment plans and decimate dry cleaners already impacted by COVID. Moreover, the additional environmental costs are entirely unnecessary as DTSC’s study (which CalEPA won’t release) determined that a 0.0009 AF is appropriate, which would eliminate the incremental $1 million for thousands of California properties. Reference the linked spreadsheet below for more details.

Our founder, Matt Winefield, had the pleasure of being interviewed by California City News, a publication for decision-makers within municipal governments. The article discusses how DTSC is spearheading a wonderful $500 million brownfields funding program. Matt was asked to pontificate on how funding must be balanced with reasonable oversight. Currently, proposed vapor intrusion guidance related to brownfield redevelopment places limits at a standard that will knock many brownfield properties out of contention for housing and commercial development. Click below to read more:

Op-Ed: Brownfields Are a Key Part of the Puzzle for Solving California's Housing Crisis

The State Water Resources Control Board owes the regulated community an explanation for why its nine Regional Boards closed 70% fewer sites in 2020 compared to the average of the three prior years. I will volunteer to help them with the explanation and a solution:

• The Explanation - The Cal-EPA Draft Vapor Intrusion Guidance Document (DVIG) makes it impossible for agencies to issue closures.
• The Solution - The DVIG should be set aside until this scientifically invalid approach to site remediation is supplemented with attenuation factors (AFs) that are representative of actual field conditions.

​The summary below provides real world case studies of how the Cal-EPA Draft Supplemental Vapor Intrusion Guidelines (DSVIG) are being used as de facto regulations (without environmental benefit) and killing projects throughout the state. Winefield & Associates, Inc. urges Cal-EPA to adopt the attenuation factors (AFs) recently developed by the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). DTSC has developed AFs from a California-specific database that are much more representative of vapor intrusion potential than AFs now in the DSVIG. DTSC’s work has been scientifically peer reviewed through the same process required for Cal-EPA regulations (Health and Safety Code §57004). DTSC’s AFs are now the best available science for statewide vapor intrusion guidance.

For more information about the DTSC AF evaluation, click here: https://dtsc.ca.gov/vapor-intrusion/.

​To share additional examples of how the DSVIG is thwarting site revitalizations, please email that information to Matt Winefield at mw@winefieldinc.com.     ​

On December 14, 2020, Matt Winefield of Winefield & Associates, Inc. had the honor of moderating a virtual affordable housing conference with State Senator Scott Wiener. Senator Wiener serves as the Chair of the CA Senate Housing Committee and has authored 42 bills that were signed into law. We examined the State’s efforts to reduce homelessness, address exploding housing costs, and thwart NIMBY-ism with respect to multi-family development. Included in this session was a discussion of how the CalEPA Draft Vapor Intrusion Guidance (DVIG) will curtail affordable housing development on former brownfield sites. Here is a 4-minute video of that DVIG portion of the session:

CalEPA has extended its comment period for the Draft Soil Vapor Intrusion Guidance (DSVIG) until noon, June 1, 2020. Please feel free to cut-and-paste text from the linked DSVIG Comment Menu below to email public comments concerning the DSVIG. The Comment Menu is divided into ten topics. Select the topics that concern you the most, and respond to CalEPA here: DWQ-vaporintrusion@waterboards.ca.gov.
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1. The DSVIG Should Be Withdrawn Until the Agencies Speak with One Voice
2. The DSVIG Creates Major New Barriers to Affordable Housing Projects
3. Default Attenuation Factor Must Be Replaced with California-Specific Values
4. DTSC’s Database Should Be the Foundation for Any Interim Attenuation Factors
5. DSVIG Creates Confusion About Its Intended Applicability
6. Cleanup Goals Should Be Site-Specific
7. Proposed Investigation Requirements Are Too Prescriptive
8. Emphasis on Vapor Conduits Without Adequate Guidance Will Disrupt Site Cleanups
9. Requirements for Future Risk Evaluation Will Lead to Open-Ended Assessments
10. The DSVIG Is an Underground Regulation

At the California Lawyers Association Environmental Law Conference in Yosemite (October 2019), I summarized the impact the 0.03 Attenuation Factor has had on brownfields remediation and investments.  CalEPA did not listen to these concerns or those of the scientific community, and has maintained the indefensibly high AF in its CalEPA Draft Supplemental Vapor Intrusion Guidance Document. Let CalEPA know by April 30, 2020, that their Guidance Document will put a stop to thousands of remediation projects in the state: DWQ-vaporintrusion@waterboards.ca.gov.

On February 14, 2020, CalEPA issued its Draft Supplemental Vapor Intrusion Guidance, and it’s worse than previously imagined. The Guidance is a real estate investment/development project killer. It will continue to use the indefensibly high Attenuation Factor (AF) of 0.03 as a screening level, thereby prompting excessive testing and remediation. CalEPA has refused to introduce scientifically valid data sets that would lower this attenuation factor, and has not put forth a sincere protocol to revise the 0.03 value when new data becomes available. As written, even if indoor air VOCs are below screening levels, if soil gas concentrations exceed screening levels calculated using the 0.03 AF, then CalEPA will consider excessive risk to be present.
 
Let EPA know you’re concerned by emailing them here before April 30, 2020:

• DWQ-vaporintrusion@waterboards.ca.gov

 
Public meetings will be held throughout the state beginning April 1st and ending April 16th. Anybody involved in real estate transactions or environmental projects should be concerned and should participate in the rule development process. 
 
To access the CalEPA information page: 

• https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/site_cleanup_program/vapor_intrusion/​

I had the pleasure of meeting in a small group with CalEPA Secretary Jared Blumenfeld on November 4, 2019 at his office in Sacramento. Our team discussed challenges and opportunities of the Vapor Intrusion Guidance on brownfields investments and affordable housing development. We thank the Secretary and his senior managers for their time and attention to this important matter. Our PowerPoint presentation is linked below. We left behind the following recommendations with the overarching theme that without CalEPA intervention, the unrealistic 0.03 Attenuation Factor will continue to have severely negative unintended consequences.
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1. Develop statewide VI guidance using the scientific peer review and public comment process (HSC 57004) after California data set is evaluated.
2. Use existing DTSC guidance while new guidance is developed.  (DTSC, 2011 AFs are 0.002 for residential, 0.001 for future residential, 0.001 for commercial, and 0.0005 for future commercial.)
3. Continue review of current CalEPA files to develop CA-specific AFs.
4. Allow use of building-specific AFs and encourage accurate VI measurement using such tools as radon testing and the J&E model.
5. Ensure re-opening of sites with existing NFA Letters will occur only in circumstances of imminent and substantial endangerment (rare)
6. Clarify that AF and VI Guidance documents are advisory only and not intended to be used as rules – alternate approaches may be acceptable on a case-by-case basis.
7. Expand programmatic efforts to spur brownfields remediation and clean-up of stalled sites in disadvantaged communities and for housing production in general.